Anaerobic lagoon
Anaerobic lagoons are large man-made ponds, usually between 1-2 acres in size and up to 20 feet deep. They are widely used in the treatment of agricultural wastewater from meat production, as well as the treatment of other industrial wastewater streams, and as a primary treatment step for urban wastewater treatment. Wastewater is usually piped to the bottom of the lagoon, where it settles to form an upper liquid layer and a semi-solid sludge layer. The liquid layer prevents oxygen from reaching the sludge layer, allowing the anaerobic digestion process to decompose the organic matter in the wastewater. On average, this process may take as little as a few weeks or as long as six months to bring the BOD/COD level to the target range. Anaerobic bacteria are beneficial to certain environmental conditions, such as warm water temperature (85-95° F) and near-neutral pH. Therefore, maintaining optimal conditions will increase the activity of anaerobic microorganisms, thereby reducing wastewater retention time. The rate of anaerobic respiration may also be limited by many factors, including fluctuations in BOD/COD concentration and the presence of substances such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
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